- 5月 15 週五 202014:26
《教會被擄於巴比倫》 簡介
- 2月 27 週四 202015:33
《致德意志基督教貴族公開書》簡介
- 11月 19 週四 200916:11
還是抄書XD
「帝國」(empire)是近十多年神學常用的一個概念,主要是針對那些操縱他人的制度。事實上,帝國意識已經成功與文化、經濟和政治等等結合,行使對人的控制,增加它的權力。舊約聖經的出埃及故事正記載著上主如何站在受壓迫的以色列人那邊對抗當時的帝國—提醒我們埃及。但Paulo Freire提醒我們,受壓迫者沒有因受壓迫的經驗而變得富同情心,反而學習了壓迫者的性情,成為新的壓迫者。這正是以色列人的弔詭歷史,這也是上主興起先知對抗以色列國和猶大國君王和貴冑的因由。…如何避免基督宗教成為帝國的擁護者或基督教如何成為挑戰帝國的力量,成為基督徒自我反省的重要功課。
…在不知不覺中,基督宗教變成新的帝國,失去了它的服務性。然而,重點不在於它是否成功地與其他權力結合,而在於它的意識,以及權力和片面真理。為了回復基督宗教對他者的服務和同在,我們不得不挑戰和批判自己成長的傳統,甚至好友。
龔立人,《論盡明光社》,序,2008
…在不知不覺中,基督宗教變成新的帝國,失去了它的服務性。然而,重點不在於它是否成功地與其他權力結合,而在於它的意識,以及權力和片面真理。為了回復基督宗教對他者的服務和同在,我們不得不挑戰和批判自己成長的傳統,甚至好友。
龔立人,《論盡明光社》,序,2008
- 11月 16 週一 200920:59
[抄書]神學教授職事的反思
簡單來說,神學教授的職志與責任就是公開地宣講在耶穌基督裡的真理,而不遮掩真理,更不是扭曲真理;藉此,真理的光可以照進虛妄的黑暗之中,可以照出一切罪惡的假相。因此,教導、講授信仰知識必然同時揭露人生種種的假相,包括信仰群體中許多錯謬的宣講與實踐。神學教授的工作就如光照進黑暗之中,要驅除黑暗,讓生命在拯救的知識中得到端正、更新,不再一樣。沒有人可以褫奪這樣的一種職事,因為這是舊約先知職事的延續,並由新約的基督再次確定。是以,神學教授如此這般的實踐,乃是理所當然的。只有這樣,才是忠於教會的主——耶穌基督,又能服事教會這信仰群體,讓她走在上帝心意之中。
摘自鄧紹光,《教會不在場:崇拜、宣講與牧養的再思》,〈代序:神學教授職事的反思〉
摘自鄧紹光,《教會不在場:崇拜、宣講與牧養的再思》,〈代序:神學教授職事的反思〉
- 1月 27 週日 200816:24
Quoted from "Theology the Lutheran Way"
What is the relationship between meditation and the disputation, between the experience of faith and the knowledge of faith? Once we see the distinction between these two basic types of theology, the danger of a one-sided emphasis becomes evident. We can fall into error on both sides. It is just as wrong to absolutize mediation and make it independent of the disputation, as it is to absolutize the disputation and make it independent of meditation.
If meditation becomes independent, the result is mystical darkness, that inner darkness which we can only experience but never penetrate through reading and debating....On the other hand, when the disputation becomes independent, theology is also at risk. This can happen in a variety of ways. However, in each case, reference to the context (Sitz im Leben) is in danger of being lost. If that happens, scholarship becomes sterile, if not dead. We must therefore remember that all scholarly methods, including supposed "pure" logic, have their origin in particular forms of life and carry these with them, even if this origin is no longer recognized. If we remember that, we can avoid the danger of thinking that the use of scholarly methods is a purely formal matter and that the methods themselves are value-free. If scholarship understands itself properly, if it really "thinks", we would realize that it cannot exist in isolation but is connected with an experience of the world and the self, and indeed God.
...From the standpoint of systematic theology, the decisive thing here is not simply to see this as a unique type of theology, scholastic in name, but rather to realize that we cannot understand it apart from the liturgical spirituality of monastic theology. It is necessary to distinguish both types from each other and, at the same time, to keep them connected. This then is a fruitful way of formulating the problem of the relationship between the two sides of theology, which is important not only for the history of theology but also for systematics.
(Oswald Bayer, Theology the Lutheran Way, translated by Jeffrey G. Silcock and Mark C. Mattes, Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2007: 11-12)
If meditation becomes independent, the result is mystical darkness, that inner darkness which we can only experience but never penetrate through reading and debating....On the other hand, when the disputation becomes independent, theology is also at risk. This can happen in a variety of ways. However, in each case, reference to the context (Sitz im Leben) is in danger of being lost. If that happens, scholarship becomes sterile, if not dead. We must therefore remember that all scholarly methods, including supposed "pure" logic, have their origin in particular forms of life and carry these with them, even if this origin is no longer recognized. If we remember that, we can avoid the danger of thinking that the use of scholarly methods is a purely formal matter and that the methods themselves are value-free. If scholarship understands itself properly, if it really "thinks", we would realize that it cannot exist in isolation but is connected with an experience of the world and the self, and indeed God.
...From the standpoint of systematic theology, the decisive thing here is not simply to see this as a unique type of theology, scholastic in name, but rather to realize that we cannot understand it apart from the liturgical spirituality of monastic theology. It is necessary to distinguish both types from each other and, at the same time, to keep them connected. This then is a fruitful way of formulating the problem of the relationship between the two sides of theology, which is important not only for the history of theology but also for systematics.
(Oswald Bayer, Theology the Lutheran Way, translated by Jeffrey G. Silcock and Mark C. Mattes, Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2007: 11-12)
- 9月 26 週三 200721:50
備課偶得2007.09.26
最近,因為備課的需要,開始啃The Shape of Sola Scriptura這本書。不啃則已,一啃竟然一發不可收拾。不過,備課在即,只得先擷取隻字片語,其他的就留待未來有空再仔細品味。這次為了備課而選讀的篇章包括兩部分,分別是第八章A Critique of the Evangelical Doctrine of Solo Scriptura和第九章The Doctrine of Sola Scriptura。兩章合計44頁,目前已經達成三分之一左右,希望明天可以全部啃完,然後整理成大綱。
讀到目前為止,我深深覺得作者批判Modern Evangelical的Solo Scriptura的功力實在太經典了,而且直接命中要害。想瞭解何謂Sola Scriptura(唯獨聖經),實在不能錯過這本書。
讀到目前為止,我深深覺得作者批判Modern Evangelical的Solo Scriptura的功力實在太經典了,而且直接命中要害。想瞭解何謂Sola Scriptura(唯獨聖經),實在不能錯過這本書。
- 9月 20 週四 200700:11
【摘譯】Martin Luther(5.5.1-5.5.3)
5.5.1 The Uniqueness of Luther's Understanding of Reason
…路德進行神學工作的方式乃是有別於經院神學家(scholastic)的方式。他極少針對理性的知識論式定義(epistemological definition)加以關注,或是針對理性與啟示,或是本性與恩典的界限加以定義。…相對於經院神學對待理性的方式,路德明確地表現出對於理性格外犀利的批判。當然,當路德描寫理性與信心的關係時,稱之為「盲眼的」或是「魔鬼的妓女」時,他並非簡單地叨念或是斷言他自己的神學觀念無關於理解和見識(insight)。毋寧說,路德在非常早期之時已經瞭解到我們無法在關於上帝的知識之事物中進行一種「中性的」(neutral)搜尋真理。在我們認識上帝的企圖中,罪也同樣表現出它自己。更直接地說,我們僅僅認識我們想要認識有關上帝的部分而已(we only know what we want to know about God)。在這件事上,理性和意志乃是彼此平行的。更明確地說,認識的行動也是受到意志的影響。
5.5.2 The Question of the Natural Knowledge of God
路德有關上帝的自然知識
…路德進行神學工作的方式乃是有別於經院神學家(scholastic)的方式。他極少針對理性的知識論式定義(epistemological definition)加以關注,或是針對理性與啟示,或是本性與恩典的界限加以定義。…相對於經院神學對待理性的方式,路德明確地表現出對於理性格外犀利的批判。當然,當路德描寫理性與信心的關係時,稱之為「盲眼的」或是「魔鬼的妓女」時,他並非簡單地叨念或是斷言他自己的神學觀念無關於理解和見識(insight)。毋寧說,路德在非常早期之時已經瞭解到我們無法在關於上帝的知識之事物中進行一種「中性的」(neutral)搜尋真理。在我們認識上帝的企圖中,罪也同樣表現出它自己。更直接地說,我們僅僅認識我們想要認識有關上帝的部分而已(we only know what we want to know about God)。在這件事上,理性和意志乃是彼此平行的。更明確地說,認識的行動也是受到意志的影響。
5.5.2 The Question of the Natural Knowledge of God
路德有關上帝的自然知識
- 9月 07 週五 200700:08
[閒聊]很陌生的「流行福音詩歌」
今天在benla的部落格讀到一篇名為「福音歌曲的想像力」的文章。長久以來,其實我對這些當代的「流行『福音』詩歌」是相當的陌生,一來我自己對音樂本來就很難提得起興趣,二來我總覺得這些「輕薄短小」的「流行福音詩歌」似乎把基督信仰給過度簡化了。 Charles Arand在一篇名為"Doctrine as Pastoral Care"的短文中,曾經批評了北美流行詩歌的內容不僅是「沒有神學」,同時也是「糟糕的神學」。當然從神學家與神學教育工作者的角度來看,的確是如此。不過,換個角度想,這些當代詩歌創作者可能絕大多數並未接受神學的訓練與洗禮,因此要期待他們在詩歌中表達出這些觀念和內涵,大概也是一種苛求。不過,如果把benla的觀察和Arand的批評綜合起來的話,倒是值得深究一番。以下先引述一段benla文章中的內容:
也許是受制於文本形式,或者創作者生活經驗的關係,參賽的福音歌曲缺乏對真實生活的描述與體會,仿佛只是個人生命感受的抒發、上帝恩典的感謝,或者,像是在書房對現實想像,甚至是「關鍵字」的拼貼,不僅缺乏「故事」,也欠缺真實的臨場。
換言之,這些停留在想像現實的福音歌詞,不只是生活經驗的淺薄,恐怕同時也是信仰內涵的淺薄。如果這就是一種所謂的信仰告白的話,那很抱歉,我只能說這種「信仰告白」只是讓人自high而已,因為這是一種「只有『我信』(I Confess),卻沒有我所信之『對象』」的喃喃自語。或許有人會反駁說:「怎麼會沒有我信的『對象』?」的確,這些「關鍵詞」都出現了,但究竟是一種模仿式的拼貼,還是嚴肅以對的「認信」呢?
Benla在文中,著眼於詩歌的「現實處境真空化」,Arand則是著眼於詩歌的「內涵空洞化」。我想這兩者或許都說出我對當代詩歌簡化信仰的想法吧!老實說,今晚,在學前靈修會中,我也親眼目睹了這麼一首讓我很無奈的「詩歌」。
也許是受制於文本形式,或者創作者生活經驗的關係,參賽的福音歌曲缺乏對真實生活的描述與體會,仿佛只是個人生命感受的抒發、上帝恩典的感謝,或者,像是在書房對現實想像,甚至是「關鍵字」的拼貼,不僅缺乏「故事」,也欠缺真實的臨場。
換言之,這些停留在想像現實的福音歌詞,不只是生活經驗的淺薄,恐怕同時也是信仰內涵的淺薄。如果這就是一種所謂的信仰告白的話,那很抱歉,我只能說這種「信仰告白」只是讓人自high而已,因為這是一種「只有『我信』(I Confess),卻沒有我所信之『對象』」的喃喃自語。或許有人會反駁說:「怎麼會沒有我信的『對象』?」的確,這些「關鍵詞」都出現了,但究竟是一種模仿式的拼貼,還是嚴肅以對的「認信」呢?
Benla在文中,著眼於詩歌的「現實處境真空化」,Arand則是著眼於詩歌的「內涵空洞化」。我想這兩者或許都說出我對當代詩歌簡化信仰的想法吧!老實說,今晚,在學前靈修會中,我也親眼目睹了這麼一首讓我很無奈的「詩歌」。

- 9月 05 週三 200719:11
[經典摘錄]路德論羅1:1「奉召」
第一個字(「奉召」)指出三種人沒有奉召有尊榮的職分。第一,假使徒,…第二,因為野心而承接職分的那些人。他們可能不是假使徒或假僕人,因他們教導正確的道理,帶領別人在大公的路上,但因他們未蒙召得這職分,他們被「蒙召」這個字所指控。他們可能不是「盜賊和強盜」,像假使徒一樣,但他們是尋求自身利益、而非尋求耶穌基督的事的生意人;他們只有在期望收割尊榮、金子、或享樂的利潤時,才顯出對羊群的關心。今日在教會中可發現一大群這種人。…經上記載這些人沒有受差遣就奔跑,沒有被授權就說話(耶23:21),尋求謊言(詩4:2)等等。然而,上帝看他們是不知足的人,因為他們不是從自由的愛心,而是從強取的貪婪,去為自己承當和尋求尊榮。第三,與這些人類似的,是那些把自己強加在所管轄的人身上的人,或讓自己硬被強加在他們身上的人。…因為聖職是如此輝煌,今生和來生沒有一樣危險更可畏懼;真的,再沒有比未經上帝呼召就承接此一職分更危險的了。…如果連那些為上帝所召的人都不安全了,他們如何得免呢?使徒猶大滅亡了,掃羅跌倒了,被揀選的大衛跌倒了‥他們還都是輝煌地被召、受膏呢?那麼,這裡這些敗壞之子有禍了。(《馬丁路德羅馬書講義》,58頁)
- 5月 21 週一 200721:06
[摘讀]The Christian Faith
今天讀Gunton的The Christian Faith第一章的Section 2. "The Meaning of the Doctrine of Creation"。裡面有段引用Robert Jenson的話是這樣寫的:
The first proposition [of a doctrine of creation]: that God creates means that there is other reality than God and that is really other than he.
接著Gunton寫道:
This means in turn that the only meaningful distinction between different kinds of being - in technical terms, ontological distinction - is between creator and creation. There are no intermediate forms that are half divine and half created, or which in some other way fill the intervening 'space' between creator and creature.
這個說明創造的角度真是精彩,而且似乎也對基督論的維護頗有貢獻。
The first proposition [of a doctrine of creation]: that God creates means that there is other reality than God and that is really other than he.
接著Gunton寫道:
This means in turn that the only meaningful distinction between different kinds of being - in technical terms, ontological distinction - is between creator and creation. There are no intermediate forms that are half divine and half created, or which in some other way fill the intervening 'space' between creator and creature.
這個說明創造的角度真是精彩,而且似乎也對基督論的維護頗有貢獻。
